Jewish Ghettos, 1215-1970

 

Jewish Ghettos: 1215-1970

http://www.ushmm.org/museum/exhibit/online/phistories/

http://www.fcit.usf.edu/holocaust/timeline/ghettos.htm

Brief outline:

1215- Fourth Lateran Council under Pope Innocent III: link to Canon’s of Council

http://www.trosch.org/lin/lateran-jews.htm

Some say this is the beginning of ghettoization (of course the term ghetto was not used yet- that would come later in Venice.

Etymologies suggested for the word 'Ghetto' derive from "getto", the Italian term for casting), the Griko Ghetonia (Γειτονία, neighbourhood), the Italian borghetto for "small neighbourhood" or the Hebrew word get (Hebrew: גט), literally a "bill of divorce." A common explanation is that the name is derived for the "campo gheto" an area that iron foundries located in Venice in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries used for cooling slag (Venetian "gheta"; Italian "ghetta") where Jews were forced to locate. From the example of the Venice Ghetto the name then transferred to Jewish neighbourhoods generally.

1290-91 Expulsion from England

1306-1394 Expulsion from France

1492, 1496 Expulsion from Spain, Portugal

1516, 1555 Ghettos instituted in Venice, Rome

1655 Readmitted to England by Oliver Cromwell

1670 Expelled from Vienna

1712 1^st public synagogue in Berlin (All German Synagogues burned Nov. 9 1938)

1790-91 Jews given citsenship in France

Shoah 1939/ 1942-45